Ukunikezwa kwamandla aphathekayo elanga, okukwaziwa nangokuthi amandla kagesi eselula ahambisanayo elanga, kuhlanganisa: iphaneli yelanga, isilawuli sokushaja, isilawuli sokushaja, isilawuli se-mains charge, inverter, isixhumi esibonakalayo sokunwebeka sangaphandle nebhethri, njll. Ukunikezwa kwamandla okuphathekayo kwe-photovoltaic kungasebenza ngezindlela ezimbili amandla elanga namandla ajwayelekile, futhi angashintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo.Imithombo yamandla ephathekayo ye-Photovoltaic isetshenziswa kabanzi, futhi iyimishini efanelekile yokuhlinzeka ngogesi ukusiza ezinhlekeleleni eziphuthumayo, ezokuvakasha, ezempi, ukuhlola umhlaba, imivubukulo, izikole, izibhedlela, amabhange, iziteshi zikaphethiloli, izakhiwo eziphelele, imigwaqo emikhulu, iziteshi ezincane, ukukhempa komndeni neminye imisebenzi yasensimini. noma okokusebenza okuphakela ugesi kwezimo eziphuthumayo.
Izindawo zokuthenga
Amandla elanga aphathwayo akhiwe izingxenye ezintathu: amaphaneli elanga, amabhethri okugcina akhethekile kanye nezesekeli ezijwayelekile.Okubili kokuqala okhiye abathinta ikhwalithi nokusebenza kwemikhiqizo yamandla, futhi kufanele kucatshangelwe kwinqubo yokuthenga.
Amaphaneli elanga asongekayo
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamaphaneli elanga emakethe, okuhlanganisa amaphaneli elanga e-monocrystalline silicon, amaphaneli elanga e-polycrystalline silicon, namaphaneli elanga e-amorphous silicon.
Amaseli elanga e-Monocrystalline silicon angamaseli e-semiconductor asetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza amandla elanga.Inqubo yayo yokukhiqiza isiqediwe, ngokuzinza okuphezulu kanye nezinga lokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric.Kokubili i-Shenzhou 7 ne-Chang'e 1 eyethulwe izwe lami isebenzisa amaseli elanga e-monocrystalline silicon, futhi izinga lokuguqulwa lingafinyelela ku-40%.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezindleko eziphezulu, izinga lokuguqulwa kwamaseli elanga e-monocrystalline silicon emakethe liphakathi kuka-15% no-18%.
Izindleko zamaseli elanga e-polycrystalline silicon aphansi kunalawo amaseli elanga e-monocrystalline, futhi i-photosensitivity ingcono, engazwela ekukhanyeni kwelanga nokukhanya kwe-incandescent.Kodwa izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric liyi-11% -13 kuphela%.Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, ukusebenza kahle nakho kuyathuthuka, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kusengaphansi kancane kune-silicon ye-monocrystalline.
Izinga lokuguqulwa kwamaseli elanga e-amorphous silicon liphansi kakhulu, izinga elithuthukile lamazwe ngamazwe lilinganiselwa ku-10% kuphela, kuyilapho izinga lasekhaya ngokuyisisekelo liphakathi kuka-6% no-8%, futhi alizinzile, futhi izinga lokuguqulwa livame ukwehla kakhulu.Ngakho-ke, amaseli elanga e-silicon e-amorphous asetshenziswa kakhulu emithonjeni yokukhanya kagesi ebuthakathaka, njengama-solar electronic calculators, amawashi kagesi nokunye.Nakuba intengo iphansi, isilinganiso senani/sokusebenza asiphezulu.
Ngokuvamile, lapho ukhetha ukunikezwa kwamandla elanga ephathekayo, i-silicon ye-monocrystalline ne-polycrystalline silicon kuseyizo eziyinhloko.Kungcono ukungakhethi i-amorphous silicon ngenxa yokushibhile.
Ibhethri elikhethekile lokugoqa
Amabhethri akhethekile okugcina amandla elanga aphathwayo emakethe angahlukaniswa abe amabhethri e-lithium namabhethri e-nickel-metal hydride ngokusho kwezinto.
Amabhethri e-lithium angashajwa noma kunini futhi awanawo umthelela wenkumbulo.Amabhethri e-lithium-ion angamabhethri e-lithium avame ukusetshenziswa kumaselula endabuko noma kumakhamera edijithali.Ngokuphambene, amabhethri e-polymer lithium electronic anezinzuzo eziningi.Zinezinzuzo zokucwenga, indawo engafanele kanye nokuma okungalawuleki, futhi ngeke zidale izinkinga zokuphepha njengokuvuza koketshezi nokuqhuma komlilo.Ngakho-ke, amabhethri e-aluminium-plastic angasetshenziswa.Ifilimu eyinhlanganisela yenza i-casing yebhethri, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise umthamo othize webhethri lonke.Njengoba izindleko zincipha kancane kancane, amabhethri e-lithium-ion e-polymer azothatha indawo yamabhethri e-lithium-ion endabuko.
Inkinga ngamabhethri e-nickel-metal hydride ukuthi kokubili ukushaja nokukhipha kunomphumela wenkumbulo, ukusebenza kahle kuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi amandla kagesi ebhethri ngalinye mancane kunalawo amabhethri e-lithium-ion, ngokuvamile awasetshenziswa i-solar ephathekayo. imithombo yamandla.
Ukwengeza, amabhethri aphathekayo aphathekayo elanga azoba nokushajwa okungaphezulu, ukugcwala ngokweqile kanye nemisebenzi yokuvikela i-overcurrent.Ngemva kokuba ibhethri selishajwe ngokugcwele, izovaleka ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ingabe isashajwa, futhi izozinqamula ngokuzenzakalelayo ukunikezwa kwamandla ukuze kuvikelwe ibhethri nezinto zikagesi lapho ikhishwa ngezinga elithile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-30-2022