solar panel

Solar panel mudziyo unoshandura mwaranzi yezuva zvakananga kana zvisina kunanga kuita simba remagetsi kuburikidza nephotoelectric effect kana photochemical effect nekutora chiedza chezuva.Chinhu chikuru cheakawanda solar panels ndeye "silicon".Ihombe zvokuti kushandiswa kwayo kwakapararira kuchine zvimwe zvinogumira.

Kuenzaniswa nemabhatiri akajairwa uye mabhatiri anochajiswa, masero ezuva anowedzera kuchengetedza simba uye zvakatipoteredza zvine hushamwari zvigadzirwa zvegirinhi.

Sero rezuva chinhu chinopindura chiedza uye chinoshandura simba rechiedza kuita magetsi.Kune marudzi akawanda ezvigadzirwa zvinogona kubudisa photovoltaic effect, yakadai se: monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, indium copper selenide, nezvimwewo. Misimboti yavo yekugadzira simba yakangofanana, uye nzira yekugadzira simba re photovoltaic inotsanangurwa. nokutora crystalline silicon semuenzaniso.P-mhando yecrystalline silicon inogona kuiswa nephosphorus kuti iwane N-mhando silicon kuti igadzire PN junction.

Apo chiedza chinorova pamusoro pesero rezuva, chikamu chemafotoni chinotorwa nesilicon zvinhu;simba remaphoton rinoendeswa kumaatomu esilicon, zvichiita kuti maerekitironi ashanduke uye ave maerekitironi akasununguka anoungana pamativi ese ePN junction kuti aite mutsauko unogona kuitika, kana rekunze rekunze rabatidzwa, Pasi pekuita kwemagetsi aya. , ikozvino ichayerera kuburikidza nekunze kwedunhu kuti ibudise imwe simba rinobuda.Chinokosha chechiitiko ichi ndechekuti: maitiro ekushandura photon simba mumagetsi emagetsi.

1. Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi ezuva Pane nzira mbiri dzekugadzira simba rezuva, imwe ndiyo nzira yekushandura chiedza-thermal-electric, uye imwe ndiyo nzira yekushandura magetsi.

(1) Nzira yekushandura chiedza-kupisa-magetsi inogadzira magetsi nekushandisa simba rinopisa rinogadzirwa nemwaranzi yezuva.Kazhinji, muunganidzi wezuva anoshandura simba rinopisa rakanyura kuita muutsi wesvikiro rekushanda, uye obva atyaira turbine yemhepo kuti igadzire magetsi.Nzira yekare inzira yekushandura chiedza-kupisa;iyo yekupedzisira maitiro ndeyekupisa-magetsi kutendeuka maitiro, ayo akafanana neakajairika kugadzirwa kwemagetsi ekupisa.Solar thermal power plant ine hunyanzvi hwepamusoro, asi nekuti indasitiri yavo iri mudanho rekutanga, mari iripo yakawedzera.Chiteshi chemagetsi chezuva che1000MW chinoda kusima mabhiriyoni maviri kusvika mabhiriyoni maviri nemazana mashanu emadhora ekuAmerica, uye avhareji yemari ye1kW i2000 kusvika 2500 US dollars.Naizvozvo, yakafanira zviitiko zvidiki-diki zvakakosha, nepo mashandisirwo akakura asina hupfumi uye haakwanise kukwikwidza neakajairika magetsi emagetsi emagetsi kana zvidyarwa zvemagetsi enyukireya.

(2) Chiedza-ku-magetsi yakananga nzira yekushandura Iyi nzira inoshandisa iyo photoelectric effect kushandura zvakananga simba rezuva rezuva kuita simba remagetsi.Chishandiso chakakosha chekushandura-mwenje-ku-magetsi maseru ezuva.Sero rezuva chinhu chinoshandura zvakananga simba rezuva kuva simba remagetsi nekuda kwe photovoltaic effect.Iyo semiconductor photodiode.Kana zuva richipenya paphotodiode, iyo photodiode inoshandura simba rechiedza rezuva kuita simba remagetsi uye kugadzira magetsi.current.Kana maseru mazhinji akabatana munhevedzano kana mukuenderana, anogona kuita solar cell array ine simba rakakura rekubuda.Solar maseru rudzi rutsva runovimbisa rwesimba sosi ine matatu makuru mabhenefiti: kusingaperi, kuchena uye kuchinjika.Solar masero ane hupenyu hurefu.Chero bedzi zuva riripo, masero ezuva anogona kushandiswa kwenguva yakareba nekudyara kumwe chete;uye simba rinopisa, kugadzirwa kwesimba renyukireya.Kusiyana neizvi, masero ezuva haakonzeri kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza;masero ezuva anogona kunge akakura, epakati uye madiki, kubva pachiteshi chemagetsi chemirioni imwe kusvika kune diki bhatiri rezuva reimba imwe chete, iyo isingaenzaniswi nemamwe magetsi.