Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bw'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba

1. Ingufu zingufu zizuba nimbaraga zituruka mumibumbe yo mwijuru hanze yisi (cyane cyane ingufu zizuba), nizo mbaraga nini zirekurwa no guhuza hydrogène nuclei izuba kubushyuhe bukabije.Imbaraga nyinshi zikenerwa nabantu ziva muburyo butaziguye cyangwa butaziguye izuba.

2. Ibicanwa biva mu kirere nk'amakara, amavuta, na gaze karemano dukeneye mu mibereho yacu byose ni ukubera ko ibimera bitandukanye bihindura ingufu z'izuba ingufu za chimique binyuze muri fotosintezez bikabikwa mu gihingwa, hanyuma inyamaswa n'ibimera byashyinguwe mu butaka bikagenda mugihe kirekire cya geologiya.ifishi.Ingufu zamazi, ingufu zumuyaga, ingufu zumuraba, ingufu zamazi yinyanja, nibindi nabyo bihindurwa biturutse kumirasire y'izuba.

3. Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba bivuga uburyo bwo gutanga amashanyarazi ahindura mu buryo butaziguye ingufu z'umucyo mu mbaraga z'amashanyarazi nta buryo bwo gutwika.Harimo amashanyarazi yerekana amashanyarazi, kubyara ingufu za fotokome, kubyara amashanyarazi no kubyara amashanyarazi.

4. Amashanyarazi ya Photovoltaque nuburyo butaziguye bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi akoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki yo mu rwego rwizuba kugirango akoreshe neza imirasire yizuba kandi ayihindure ingufu zamashanyarazi.Hano hari amashanyarazi ya electrochemic selile, selile fotoelectrolytique na selile fotokatalitike mumashanyarazi.Porogaramu ni selile yifotora.

5. Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ni uburyo bwo gutanga amashanyarazi ahindura ingufu z'imirasire y'izuba mu mbaraga z'amashanyarazi binyuze mu mazi cyangwa andi mazi akora n'ibikoresho, aribyo bita amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba.

6. Banza uhindure ingufu z'izuba mu mbaraga z'ubushyuhe, hanyuma uhindure ingufu z'amashanyarazi ingufu z'amashanyarazi.Hariho uburyo bubiri bwo guhindura: bumwe ni uguhindura mu buryo butaziguye ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba mu mbaraga z'amashanyarazi, nk'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mashanyarazi ya semiconductor cyangwa ibikoresho by'ibyuma, electronique ya thermionic na ion ya termionique mu bikoresho bya vacuum Gukora amashanyarazi, ibyuma bya alkali bihinduranya, hamwe no gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi ya rukuruzi. , n'ibindi.;ubundi buryo ni ugukoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba binyuze muri moteri yubushyuhe (nka turbine ya parike) kugirango utware generator kugirango itange amashanyarazi, asa n’amashanyarazi asanzwe y’amashanyarazi, usibye ko ingufu zayo zituruka ku mavuta, ahubwo zituruka ku zuba .

7. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bw'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, cyane cyane harimo bitanu bikurikira: sisitemu y'umunara, sisitemu y'imigozi, sisitemu ya disiki, pisine y'izuba hamwe n'umuriro w'izuba bitanga ingufu z'amashanyarazi.Ibice bitatu byambere byibanda kumirasire yizuba yumuriro, naho bibiri byanyuma ntabwo byibanda.

8. Sisitemu itanga ingufu zituruka ku mirasire y'izuba itanga ingufu muri iki gihe iriho ku isi irashobora kugabanywamo ibice: sisitemu yo kwibanda kuri parabolike, sisitemu yo hagati cyangwa imirasire y'izuba hamwe na sisitemu yibanda kuri disiki.

9. Uburyo butatu bushoboka muburyo bwa tekiniki nubukungu ni: kwibanda kuri parabolike yamashanyarazi yizuba ryamashanyarazi yumuriro (byitwa ubwoko bwa parabolike);kwibanda hagati yo kwakira amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba (byitwa ubwoko bwakirwa hagati);ingingo yibanda kuri parabolike ya disiki ya Solar yumuriro w'amashanyarazi.

10. Usibye uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru uburyo bwo gutanga ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, ubushakashatsi mu bice bishya nko kubyara amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ndetse no kubyara amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba nabyo byateye imbere.

11. Amashanyarazi ya Photovoltaque ni tekinoroji ihindura mu buryo butaziguye ingufu z'umucyo mu mbaraga z'amashanyarazi ukoresheje ingaruka ya Photovoltaque ya interineti ya semiconductor.Igizwe ahanini nimirasire yizuba (ibice), igenzura na inverter, kandi ibice byingenzi bigizwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.

12. Nyuma yuko imirasire y'izuba ihujwe murukurikirane, irashobora gupakirwa no kurindwa kugirango ikore module nini yizuba nini, hanyuma igahuzwa nogucunga amashanyarazi nibindi bice kugirango ikore ibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi.

13. Amashanyarazi ya Photovoltaque nicyiciro gito cyo kubyara izuba.Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba arimo amashanyarazi akomoka ku mashanyarazi, kubyara ingufu za fotokome, kubyara ingufu z'amashanyarazi no kubyara amashanyarazi, no kubyara amashanyarazi ni kimwe gusa mu bitanga ingufu z'izuba.