Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba
Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba bivuga uburyo bwo kubyara amashanyarazi ahindura mu buryo butaziguye ingufu z'umucyo mu mbaraga z'amashanyarazi nta nzira y'ubushyuhe.Harimo amashanyarazi yerekana amashanyarazi, kubyara ingufu za fotokome, kubyara amashanyarazi no kubyara amashanyarazi.Amashanyarazi ya Photovoltaque nuburyo butaziguye bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi akoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki yo mu rwego rwo hejuru yizuba kugirango akoreshe neza imirasire yizuba kandi ayihindure ingufu zamashanyarazi.Ninzira nyamukuru yo kubyara amashanyarazi yizuba.Hano hari amashanyarazi ya fotokolitiki ya electrochemic, selile fotoelectrolytique na selile fotokatalitike mubyara ingufu za fotokome, hamwe na selile yamafoto yakoreshejwe mubyukuri.
Sisitemu yo kubyara ingufu za Photovoltaque igizwe ahanini ningirabuzimafatizo zuba, bateri zibika, igenzura na inverter.Imirasire y'izuba nigice cyingenzi cya sisitemu yo kubyara amashanyarazi.Ubwiza nigiciro cyizuba ryizuba bizagaragaza neza ubwiza nigiciro cya sisitemu yose.Imirasire y'izuba igabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri: selile silicon selile na selile selile.Iyambere irimo selile ya monocrystalline silicon na selile silicon polycrystalline, mugihe iyanyuma irimo cyane cyane amirasire yizuba ya amorphous silicon, umuringa indium gallium selenide izuba hamwe na cadmium telluride izuba.
ingufu z'izuba
Uburyo bwo kubyara amashanyarazi ahindura ingufu z'imirasire y'izuba mu mbaraga z'amashanyarazi binyuze mu mazi cyangwa andi mazi akora n'ibikoresho byitwa ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba.Banza uhindure ingufu z'izuba mu mbaraga z'ubushyuhe, hanyuma uhindure ingufu z'amashanyarazi ingufu z'amashanyarazi.Ifite uburyo bubiri bwo guhindura: bumwe ni uguhindura mu buryo butaziguye ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba mu mbaraga z'amashanyarazi, nk'amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi ya semiconductor cyangwa ibikoresho by'ibyuma, electronique yumuriro hamwe na ion yumuriro mubikoresho bya vacuum Gukora amashanyarazi, ibyuma bya alkali ibyuma bya termoelektrike, hamwe na magnetique fluid power power , n'ibindi.;ubundi buryo ni ugukoresha ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba binyuze muri moteri yubushyuhe (nka turbine ya parike) kugirango utware generator kugirango itange amashanyarazi, asa n’amashanyarazi asanzwe y’amashanyarazi, usibye ko ingufu zayo zituruka ku mavuta, ahubwo zituruka ku zuba .Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bw'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, cyane cyane harimo bitanu bikurikira: sisitemu y'umunara, sisitemu y'imiyoboro, sisitemu ya disiki, icyuzi cy'izuba n'umunara w'izuba bitanga ingufu z'amashanyarazi.Ibice bitatu byambere byibanda kumirasire yizuba yumuriro, naho bibiri byanyuma ntabwo byibanda.Bimwe mu bihugu byateye imbere bifata ikoranabuhanga ry’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba nk’ibikorwa by’igihugu R&D, kandi ryakoze amoko menshi y’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’amashanyarazi, ageze ku rwego rushimishije rwo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi.
Imirasire y'izuba ni igikoresho gikoresha bateri kugirango ihindure ingufu z'izuba ingufu z'amashanyarazi.Imirasire y'izuba ni ibikoresho bikomeye bikoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki y'ibikoresho bya semiconductor kugirango tumenye ihinduka rya PV.Ahantu hanini hatagira amashanyarazi, igikoresho gishobora gutanga byoroshye urumuri nimbaraga kubakoresha.Ibihugu bimwe byateye imbere birashobora kandi guhuza amashanyarazi yo mukarere.Imiyoboro ihujwe kugirango igerweho.Kugeza ubu, duhereye ku mikoreshereze y’abasivili, ikoranabuhanga ry '"ifoto y’amashanyarazi (itara) kwishyira hamwe" rigenda rikura n’inganda mu bihugu by’amahanga ni ikoranabuhanga ryo "gufotora-gufotora (kumurika)", mu gihe nyamukuru ubushakashatsi n’umusaruro mu Bushinwa n’amashanyarazi mato mato akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba ikwiranye n’urumuri mu ngo mu bice bidafite amashanyarazi.Sisitemu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-30-2022