Solar photovoltaic power generation

Solar photovoltaic power generation

Solar photovoltaic power generation refers to a power generation method that directly converts light energy into electrical energy without a thermal process. It includes photovoltaic power generation, photochemical power generation, light induction power generation and photobiopower generation. Photovoltaic power generation is a direct power generation method that uses solar-grade semiconductor electronic devices to effectively absorb solar radiation energy and convert it into electrical energy. It is the mainstream of today’s solar power generation. There are electrochemical photovoltaic cells, photoelectrolytic cells and photocatalytic cells in photochemical power generation, and photovoltaic cells have been practically applied at present.

The photovoltaic power generation system is mainly composed of solar cells, storage batteries, controllers and inverters. The solar cells are the key part of the photovoltaic power generation system. The quality and cost of the solar panels will directly determine the quality and cost of the entire system. Solar cells are mainly divided into two types: crystalline silicon cells and thin film cells. The former includes monocrystalline silicon cells and polycrystalline silicon cells, while the latter mainly includes amorphous silicon solar cells, copper indium gallium selenide solar cells and cadmium telluride solar cells.

solar thermal power

The power generation method that converts solar radiation energy into electrical energy through water or other working fluids and devices is called solar thermal power generation. First convert solar energy into thermal energy, and then convert thermal energy into electrical energy. It has two conversion methods: one is to directly convert solar thermal energy into electrical energy, such as thermoelectric power generation of semiconductor or metal materials, thermal electrons and thermal ions in vacuum devices Power generation, alkali metal thermoelectric conversion, and magnetic fluid power generation, etc.; another way is to use solar thermal energy through a heat engine (such as a steam turbine) to drive a generator to generate electricity, which is similar to conventional thermal power generation, except that its thermal energy does not come from fuel, but from solar. There are many types of solar thermal power generation, mainly including the following five: tower system, trough system, disk system, solar pond and solar tower thermal airflow power generation. The first three are concentrating solar thermal power generation systems, and the latter two are non-concentrating. Some developed countries regard solar thermal power generation technology as a national R&D focus, and have manufactured dozens of various types of solar thermal power generation demonstration power stations, which have reached the practical application level of grid-connected power generation.

Solar power generation is a device that uses battery components to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy. Solar cells are solid devices that use the electronic properties of semiconductor materials to realize PV conversion. In the vast areas without power grids, the device can easily provide lighting and power for users. Some developed countries can also connect with regional power grids. Grid-connected to achieve complementarity. At present, from the point of view of civilian use, the technology of “photovoltaic-building (lighting) integration” that is becoming mature and industrialized in foreign countries is the technology of “photovoltaic-building (lighting) integration”, while the main research and production in China is the small-scale solar power generation suitable for household lighting in areas without electricity. system.