hnub ci vaj huam sib luag

Lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog ib qho cuab yeej uas hloov lub hnub ci hluav taws xob ncaj qha lossis ncaj qha mus rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los ntawm cov nyhuv photoelectric lossis photochemical nyhuv los ntawm kev nqus hnub ci.Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm feem ntau cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog "silicon".Nws yog qhov loj heev uas nws txoj kev siv dav dav tseem muaj qee yam kev txwv.

Piv nrog rau cov roj teeb zoo tib yam thiab cov roj teeb uas siv tau, lub hnub ci hnub ci yog ntau zog-txuag thiab cov khoom ntsuab ntsuab.

Lub hnub ci cell yog ib yam khoom uas teb rau lub teeb thiab hloov lub teeb lub zog rau hauv hluav taws xob.Muaj ntau yam khoom siv uas tuaj yeem tsim cov nyhuv photovoltaic, xws li: monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, indium tooj liab selenide, thiab lwm yam. los ntawm kev siv crystalline silicon ua piv txwv.P-type crystalline silicon tuaj yeem doped nrog phosphorus kom tau N-hom silicon los ua PN kev sib tshuam.

Thaum lub teeb hits saum npoo ntawm lub hnub ci cell, ib feem ntawm photons yog absorbed los ntawm cov khoom siv silicon;lub zog ntawm cov photons raug xa mus rau silicon atoms, ua rau cov hluav taws xob hloov pauv thiab dhau los ua cov hluav taws xob dawb uas sib sau ua ke ntawm ob sab ntawm PN kev sib tshuam los tsim ib qho kev sib txawv, thaum lub Circuit Court sab nraud yog qhib, nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov voltage. , ib tug tam sim no yuav ntws los ntawm sab nraud Circuit Court los tsim ib tug tej yam tso zis hwj chim.Lub ntsiab ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog: cov txheej txheem ntawm hloov photon zog rau hauv hluav taws xob lub zog.

1. Hnub ci tsim hluav taws xob Muaj ob txoj hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob hnub ci, ib qho yog txoj kev hloov hluav taws xob-thermal-hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam yog txoj kev hloov hluav taws xob ncaj qha.

(1) Txoj kev hloov lub teeb-kub-tsim hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob los ntawm kev siv lub zog thermal tsim los ntawm hnub ci hluav taws xob.Feem ntau, lub hnub ci hluav taws xob hloov pauv lub zog nqus hluav taws xob rau hauv chav ua haujlwm nruab nrab, thiab tom qab ntawd tsav lub tshuab hluav taws xob los ua hluav taws xob.Cov txheej txheem yav dhau los yog cov txheej txheem hloov pauv lub teeb-thermal;cov txheej txheem tom kawg yog txheej txheem thermal-hluav taws xob hloov dua siab tshiab, uas yog tib yam li kev tsim hluav taws xob thermal zoo tib yam.Hnub ci thermal fais fab nroj tsuag muaj kev ua haujlwm siab, tab sis vim tias lawv cov kev lag luam yog nyob rau hauv thawj theem, kev nqis peev tam sim no kuj siab.Lub chaw nres tsheb 1000MW hnub ci thermal fais fab yuav tsum tau nqis peev 2 billion txog 2.5 billion US dollars, thiab qhov nruab nrab peev ntawm 1kW yog 2000 txog 2500 US dollars.Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb me me, thaum kev siv loj hauv kev lag luam tsis muaj kev lag luam thiab tsis tuaj yeem sib tw nrog cov thermal fais fab nroj tsuag zoo tib yam lossis nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag.

(2) Lub teeb-rau-hluav taws xob hloov pauv ncaj qha txoj kev no siv cov nyhuv photoelectric los hloov lub hnub ci hluav taws xob ncaj qha rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob.Cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim rau kev hloov pauv lub teeb rau hluav taws xob yog lub hnub ci hlwb.Lub hnub ci cell yog ib qho cuab yeej uas ncaj qha hloov lub hnub ci zog rau hauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob vim yog cov nyhuv photovoltaic.Nws yog semiconductor photodiode.Thaum lub hnub ci rau ntawm photodiode, lub photodiode yuav hloov lub hnub lub teeb lub zog mus rau hauv lub zog hluav taws xob thiab tsim hluav taws xob.tam sim no.Thaum muaj ntau lub hlwb txuas nrog hauv series los yog nyob rau hauv parallel, nws tuaj yeem dhau los ua lub hnub ci cell array nrog lub zog tso zis ntau.Hnub ci hlwb yog ib qho kev cog lus tshiab ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob nrog peb qhov zoo: kev ruaj khov, huv thiab yooj.Hnub ci hlwb muaj lub neej ntev.Raws li ntev raws li lub hnub muaj, lub hnub ci hlwb tuaj yeem siv tau ntev nrog ib qho peev;thiab thermal zog, nuclear zog tsim.Nyob rau hauv sib piv, lub hnub ci hlwb tsis ua rau ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug;hnub ci hlwb tuaj yeem loj, nruab nrab thiab me me, xws li qhov nruab nrab qhov chaw nres tsheb fais fab ntawm ib lab kilowatts mus rau lub hnub ci roj teeb me me rau ib tsev neeg xwb, uas tsis sib xws los ntawm lwm qhov chaw siv hluav taws xob.