ʻoi aku ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu a me nā huahana ʻōmaʻomaʻo e pili ana i ke kaiapuni.

ʻO ka panela lā he mea ia e hoʻololi pololei a ʻaʻole pololei i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka lā i ka ikehu uila ma o ka hopena photoelectric a i ʻole ka hopena photochemical ma o ka lawe ʻana i ka lā.ʻO ka mea nui o ka hapa nui o nā panela solar he "silicon".He nui loa ia a ʻo kona hoʻohana nui ʻana he mau palena.

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pākaukau maʻamau a me nā ʻāpana rechargeable, ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu a me nā huahana ʻōmaʻomaʻo e pili ana i ke kaiapuni.

ʻO ka cell solar kahi mea e pane ai i ka mālamalama a hoʻololi i ka ikehu māmā i uila.Nui nā ʻano mea e hiki ai ke hana i ka hopena photovoltaic, e like me: monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, indium copper selenide, etc. ʻO kā lākou mau mana hoʻomohala kumu he like nō ia, a ua wehewehe ʻia ke kaʻina hana hana photovoltaic. ma ka lawe ʻana i ka silikona crystalline i laʻana.Hiki ke doped me ka phosphorus e loaʻa ai ke silikona N-type e hana i kahi hui PN.

Ke paʻi ka mālamalama i ka ʻili o ka cell solar, hoʻopili ʻia kahi ʻāpana o nā kiʻi kiʻi e ka mea silika;ka ikehu o na photons ua hoolilo ia i na kilikana atoms, ke kumu o na electrons i ka hoololi a lilo i noa electrons e hoahu ma na aoao elua o ka PN hui e hana i ka likeʻole hiki, ke hoohuliia ka waho kaapuni , Ma lalo o ka hana o keia voltage. , e kahe ana ke au ma ke kaapuni o waho e hana i kekahi mana puka.ʻO ke kumu o kēia kaʻina hana: ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikehu photon i ikehu uila.

1. ʻO ka hana mana o ka lā ʻElua mau ala o ka hana ʻana i ka mana o ka lā, ʻo kekahi ke ʻano hoʻololi māmā-thermal-electric, a ʻo kekahi ʻo ke ʻano hoʻololi pololei ʻana i ka uila.

(1) ʻO ke ʻano hoʻololi māmā-wela-wela e hana i ka uila ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu wela i hana ʻia e ka pāhawewe lā.ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hoʻololi ka ʻohi lā i ka ikehu wela i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka mahu o ka mea hana, a laila hoʻokele i ka turbine mahu e hana i ka uila.ʻO ke kaʻina hana mua he kaʻina hoʻololi māmā-thermal;ʻo ke kaʻina hana hope he kaʻina hoʻololi thermal-electrical, ʻo ia ka mea like me ka hana mana wela maʻamau.He kiʻekiʻe ka maikaʻi o nā mea kanu wela o ka lā, akā no ka mea ʻo kā lākou ʻoihana i ka pae mua, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻopukapuka o kēia manawa.He 1000MW ka mana wela o ka lā e pono e hoʻokomo i 2 biliona a 2.5 biliona kālā ʻAmelika, a ʻo ka awelika hoʻopukapuka o 1kW he 2000 a 2500 US kālā.No laila, kūpono ia no nā hanana kūikawā liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoʻohana nui ʻana he mea waiwai ʻole a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokūkū me nā mea kanu wela maʻamau a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea kanu nuklea.

(2) ʻO ke ʻano hoʻololi pololei ʻana o ka māmā a i ka uila.ʻO ka mea maʻamau no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka uila i ka uila, ʻo ia nā cell solar.ʻO ke kelepona lā he mea ia e hoʻololi pololei i ka ikehu o ka lā i ikehu uila ma muli o ka hopena photovoltaic.He photodiode semiconductor.Ke hoʻomālamalama ka lā i ka photodiode, e hoʻololi ka photodiode i ka ikehu māmā o ka lā i ikehu uila a hoʻohua i ka uila.kēia manawa.Ke hoʻopili ʻia nā cell he nui i ka moʻo a i ʻole i ka like, hiki ke lilo i pūʻali lā me ka mana hoʻopuka nui.ʻO nā pūnaewele lā he ʻano kumu mana hou me ʻekolu mau pōmaikaʻi nui: ke kūpaʻa, ka maʻemaʻe a me ka maʻalahi.He lōʻihi ke ola o nā cell solar.ʻOiai ka lōʻihi o ka lā, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā cell solar no ka manawa lōʻihi me hoʻokahi kālā;a me ka mana wela, ka mana nukelea.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole e hoʻohaumia nā kaiapuni o ka lā;Hiki ke nui, liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi paha nā pūnaewele solar, mai kahi kikowaena mana o hoʻokahi miliona kilowatts a hiki i kahi pūʻulu uila lā liʻiliʻi no hoʻokahi hale wale nō, ʻaʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e nā kumu mana ʻē aʻe.