Motoci masu ɗaukar rana suna aiki ta hanyar ɗaukar hasken rana da kuma canza shi zuwa wutar lantarki mai amfani ta na'urar da ake kira cajin sarrafawa ko daidaitawa.Ana haɗa mai sarrafawa zuwa baturin, yana ci gaba da caji.
Menene na'urar sanyaya hasken rana?
Na'urar sanyaya hasken rana yana tabbatar da cewa wutar lantarkin da ke samar da hasken rana an canza shi da hankali zuwa baturin ta hanyar da ta dace da sinadarai na baturi da matakin caji.Kyakkyawan mai sarrafawa zai sami algorithm na caji mai yawa (yawanci matakai 5 ko 6) kuma yana ba da shirye-shirye daban-daban don nau'ikan batura daban-daban.Na zamani, masu kula da inganci masu inganci za su haɗa da takamaiman shirye-shirye don batir Lithium, yayin da yawancin tsofaffi ko ƙira masu rahusa za a iyakance su zuwa batir AGM, Gel da Wet.Yana da mahimmanci ku yi amfani da daidaitaccen shirin don nau'in baturin ku.
Kyakkyawan mai sarrafa hasken rana zai haɗa da da'irori na kariyar lantarki da yawa don kare baturin, gami da kariyar juzu'i, kariyar gajeriyar kewayawa, juyar da kariya ta halin yanzu, kariyar ƙarin caji, kariya ta wuce gona da iri, da kariyar zafin jiki.
Nau'in Masu Gudanar da Rana
Akwai manyan nau'ikan na'urorin sanyaya hasken rana guda biyu da ake da su don masu amfani da hasken rana.Modulation na Nisa Pulse (PWM) da Matsakaicin Binciken Wutar Wuta (MPPT).Dukkansu suna da nasu amfani da rashin amfani, wanda ke nufin kowannensu ya dace da yanayi daban-daban na sansanin.
Modulation na Nisa Pulse (PWM)
Modulation Width Pulse (PWM), mai sarrafa yana da haɗin kai kai tsaye tsakanin faifan hasken rana da baturi, kuma yana amfani da tsarin “sauri mai sauyawa” don daidaita cajin da ke gudana cikin baturi.Maɓallin yana ci gaba da buɗewa har sai baturin ya kai ƙarfin lantarki na nutsewa, a nan ne maɓalli ya fara buɗewa da rufe ɗaruruwan sau a cikin dakika don rage halin yanzu tare da kiyaye ƙarfin wutar lantarki akai-akai.
A ka'ida, irin wannan haɗin yana rage tasirin hasken rana saboda ana saukar da wutar lantarki don dacewa da ƙarfin baturi.Duk da haka, a cikin yanayin daɗaɗɗen zangon hasken rana, tasirin aiki yana da kaɗan, kamar yadda a mafi yawan lokuta madaidaicin wutar lantarki na panel yana kusa da 18V (kuma yana raguwa yayin da panel ɗin yake zafi), yayin da ƙarfin baturi yawanci tsakanin 12-13V. (AGM) ko 13-14.5V (Lithium).
Duk da ƙaramar asara a cikin inganci, ana ɗaukar masu kula da PWM gabaɗaya a matsayin mafi kyawun zaɓi don haɗawa tare da fale-falen hasken rana.Fa'idodin masu kula da PWM idan aka kwatanta da takwarorinsu na MPPT ƙananan nauyi ne kuma mafi girman dogaro, waɗanda mahimman la'akari ne lokacin yin zango na tsawon lokaci ko a cikin yankuna masu nisa inda sabis ɗin ba zai iya samun sauƙi ba kuma yana iya zama da wahala a sami Mai sarrafa Madadin.
Matsakaicin Binciken Wutar Wuta (MPPT)
Matsakaicin madaidaicin madaidaicin ikon MPPT, mai sarrafawa yana da ikon juyar da wuce gona da iri zuwa ƙarin halin yanzu ƙarƙashin ingantattun yanayi.
Mai kula da MPPT zai ci gaba da lura da wutar lantarki na panel, wanda ke canzawa akai-akai bisa la'akari da abubuwa kamar zafin panel, yanayin yanayi da kuma matsayin rana.Yana amfani da cikakken ƙarfin lantarki na panel don ƙididdige (waƙa) mafi kyawun haɗin ƙarfin lantarki da na yanzu, sannan yana rage ƙarfin lantarki don dacewa da ƙarfin cajin baturin don ya iya samar da ƙarin halin yanzu zuwa baturi (tunan wuta = ƙarfin lantarki x halin yanzu) .
Amma akwai wani muhimmin fa'ida wanda ke rage tasirin ayyukan masu kula da MPPT na masu amfani da hasken rana.Don samun kowane fa'ida ta gaske daga mai sarrafa MPPT, ƙarfin lantarkin da ke kan panel ya kamata ya zama aƙalla 4-5 volts sama da ƙarfin cajin baturi.Ganin cewa mafi yawan šaukuwa masu amfani da hasken rana suna da max ƙarfin lantarki na kusan 18-20V, wanda zai iya saukewa zuwa 15-17V lokacin da suka yi zafi, yayin da yawancin batir na AGM suna tsakanin 12-13V da mafi yawan baturan lithium tsakanin 13-14.5V A wannan lokacin. Bambancin wutar lantarki bai isa ba don aikin MPPT ya sami tasiri na gaske akan cajin halin yanzu.
Idan aka kwatanta da masu kula da PWM, masu kula da MPPT suna da lahani na kasancewa mafi nauyi cikin nauyi kuma gabaɗaya ba abin dogaro ba ne.Saboda wannan dalili, da ƙarancin tasirinsu akan shigar da wutar lantarki, ba za ku ga ana amfani da su sau da yawa a cikin jakunkuna masu naɗewa ba.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 19-2023