Hasken rana wata na'ura ce da ke juyar da hasken rana kai tsaye ko a kaikaice zuwa makamashin lantarki ta hanyar tasirin photoelectric ko photochemical ta hanyar ɗaukar hasken rana.Babban kayan mafi yawan hasken rana shine "silicon".Ana ɗaukar hotuna ta hanyar kayan silicon;ana tura makamashin photon zuwa atom na silicon, wanda ke sa electrons ke canzawa kuma su zama electrons kyauta waɗanda ke taruwa a bangarorin biyu na mahaɗin PN don samar da bambanci mai yuwuwa.Lokacin da aka kunna kewayen waje, ƙarƙashin aikin wannan ƙarfin lantarki, za a sami halin yanzu da ke gudana ta kewayen waje don samar da wani ƙarfin fitarwa.Asalin wannan tsari shine: tsarin canza makamashin photon zuwa makamashin lantarki.
Ƙididdigar Ƙarfin Hasken Rana
Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na AC na hasken rana yana kunshe da bangarorin hasken rana, masu kula da caji, inverters da batura;tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na hasken rana DC ba ya haɗa da inverter.Domin ba da damar tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na hasken rana don samar da isasshen wutar lantarki don kaya, ya zama dole a zabi kowane bangare bisa ga ikon na'urar lantarki.Ɗauki ƙarfin fitarwa na 100W kuma yi amfani da shi tsawon sa'o'i 6 a rana a matsayin misali don gabatar da hanyar lissafi:
1. Na farko, lissafta yawan amfani da watt-hour a kowace rana (ciki har da asarar inverter): idan ƙarfin juzu'i na inverter shine 90%, to lokacin da ƙarfin fitarwa ya kasance 100W, ainihin ƙarfin fitarwa ya kamata ya zama 100W / 90 % = 111W;idan aka yi amfani da shi na tsawon awanni 5 a rana, ƙarfin fitarwa shine 111W*5 hours = 555Wh.
2. Lissafin hasken rana: Dangane da tasirin hasken rana na yau da kullun na sa'o'i 6, kuma la'akari da ingancin caji da asarar lokacin aikin caji, ƙarfin fitarwa na hasken rana ya kamata ya zama 555Wh/6h/70%=130W.Daga cikin su, 70% shine ainihin wutar lantarki da hasken rana ke amfani da shi yayin aikin caji.
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na hasken rana
Ingantacciyar jujjuyawar photoelectric na monocrystalline silicon hasken rana makamashi ya kai 24%, wanda shine mafi girman ingancin canjin hoto tsakanin kowane nau'in sel na hasken rana.Amma sel silica monocrystalline suna da tsada sosai don yin su har yanzu ba a yi amfani da su sosai ba kuma a duk duniya suna da yawa.Kwayoyin hasken rana na Polycrystalline silicon sun fi rahusa fiye da monocrystalline silicon solar cells dangane da farashin samarwa, amma ingancin canjin photoelectric na sel siliki na polycrystalline yana da ƙasa kaɗan.Bugu da ƙari, rayuwar sabis na ƙwayoyin hasken rana na polycrystalline silicon ma ya fi guntu fiye da na sel silicon monocrystalline..Sabili da haka, dangane da aikin farashi, ƙwayoyin hasken rana na silicon monocrystalline sun ɗan fi kyau.
Masu bincike sun gano cewa wasu kayan aikin semiconductor sun dace da fina-finan canza hasken rana.Misali, CdS, CdTe;III-V mahadi semiconductor: GaAs, AIInP, da dai sauransu;ɓangarorin hasken rana na fim na bakin ciki waɗanda aka yi daga waɗannan semiconductor suna nuna ingantaccen jujjuyawar hoto mai kyau.Kayayyakin Semiconductor tare da gibin bandeji mai ƙarfi na gradient na iya faɗaɗa kewayon sharar makamashin hasken rana, ta haka inganta ingantaccen canjin hoto.Don ɗimbin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru.Daga cikin waɗannan kayan aikin semiconductor masu yawa, Cu (In, Ga) Se2 kyakkyawan abu ne mai ɗaukar hasken rana.Dangane da shi, sel na hasken rana na bakin ciki-fim tare da ingantaccen canjin canjin photoelectric fiye da silicon ana iya tsara su, kuma ƙimar canjin hoto wanda za'a iya samu shine 18%.
Rayuwar masu amfani da hasken rana
Rayuwar sabis na hasken rana an ƙaddara ta kayan aiki na sel, gilashin zafi, EVA, TPT, da dai sauransu Gabaɗaya, rayuwar sabis na bangarorin da masana'antun ke amfani da kayan aiki mafi kyau na iya kaiwa shekaru 25, amma tare da tasirin yanayin. Kwayoyin hasken rana Abubuwan da ke cikin allon zasu tsufa akan lokaci.A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, za a rage karfin da 30% bayan shekaru 20 na amfani, da kuma 70% bayan shekaru 25 na amfani.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-30-2022